How to descript a clinical case correctly: For inquiry scientists and demanding doctors

Abstract

The article presents step by step international CARE guidelines (CAse REport), which regulate the structure of the description of a clinical case and include a checklist of 13 points. This form of presentation of the material does not create any difficulties in understanding, does not require a long period of time to prepare a publication for the author, demonstrating a unique personalized experience and informing the medical community about interesting clinical manifestations, diagnostic or therapeutic approaches within a particular nosology, as well as describing rare or newly reported side effects of drugs or features of their prescription. Below as an example presented a clinical observation of a young man with diabetes mellitus of complex origin, which was diagnosed after the initial diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus, which was later supplemented with recurrent pancreatitis, pancreatic cyst development and alcohol abuse with underlying severe hypertriglyceridemia (up to 67 mmol/l). Given the limited choice of glucose-lowering therapy, inability to prescribe metformin, glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists, infeasibility to use dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors and gliflozins (history of episodes of balanoposthitis), after a detailed discussion with the patient, a decision was made to prescribe a combination insulin drug – biphasic Lispro (RinLis Mix 25, Geropharm, Russia), which, together with fundamental lifestyle changes, strong alcohol avoidance, and regular medical follow-ups, allowed him to achieve glycemic targets and reduce plasma triglyceride levels, which once again supported the versatility of insulin as hypoglycemic agent, easiness to use and comprehensive glycemic control, if pre-mixed ultra-fast-acting insulin analogue and its protaminized analogue are prescribed. The prescription of insulin premix in this case is also justified in terms of clinical guidelines, as the man led a regular lifestyle, had low physical activity, an HbA1c level greater than 1.5% of the target value, as well as fasting and postprandial hyperglycemia.