Abstract
SummaryThere are several options for calculation of toric intraocular lenses, some are based on the classical intraocular lens calculation formulas and others utilize paraxial or numerical ray tracing techniques. Most online calculators use a two‐step system based on precalculated data for the equivalent monofocal lens. Other methods calculate intraocular lens power separately for both cardinal meridians. Advanced methods directly calculate spherocylindrical power by matrix or ray tracing techniques. Especially when considering superposition of regular and irregular astigmatic components, postoperative implant rotation or anisometropia and aniseikonia, the classical formula approach might be inadequate for estimating toric intraocular lens power. Therefore surgeons dealing with toric intraocular lenses require deeper knowledge on advanced calculation techniques to improve patient satisfaction.
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