Abstract
The Peruvian government declared a State of National Emergency due to the spread of COVID-19 where the closure of businesses, companies and home isolation was imposed from 03/15/2020 to 06/30/2020. In this context, the research focused on analyzing the characteristics of the air quality in Lima during said period compared to its similar in 2018 and 2019, for this purpose, data from two air quality monitoring stations in PM2.5, PM10, CO and NO2 concentrations and the quality levels given by the Air Quality Index (INCA) were used for further processing with the Grey Clustering method, which is based on grey systems. The results showed that during the quarantine, air quality improved significantly, specifically the northern area of Lima, which was favored by the meteorological conditions that will be classified as good quality as well as the reduction of PM10 by 46% and PM2.5 in 45% to a lesser extent, NO2 by 17% and CO in 11%, unlike the southern zone which, although it showed an improvement, it is still classified as moderate quality with reductions in PM10 by 26%, PM2.5 by 27%, CO by 19%,; however the concentration NO2 registered a non-significant increase of 2%. This behaviour is explained by the lower height of the thermal inversion layer, therefore less space for the dispersion of pollutants. Finally, the study obtains essential information for regulatory agencies as it allows understanding the relationship between air quality and control measures at emission sources for the development of public policies on public health and the environment.
Highlights
On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared that the COVID 19 - disease caused by the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2-went from being an epidemic to a pandemic [1]
To control the increase in the number of cases confirmed by coronavirus, Peru declared a national state of emergency for a period of days, during which it was decided to establish mandatory social isolation, a measure that came into effect March
The classes for the evaluation are four and are based on the air quality levels according to the Air Quality index in Peru according to RM-N°-181-2016-MINAM and D.S
Summary
On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared that the COVID 19 - disease caused by the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2-went from being an epidemic to a pandemic [1]. In Perú, the first confirmed case was reported on March 6, 2020, in Lima, a young man had arrived from a trip to the European continent. To date March 16, there were 86 positive cases of coronavirus, being Lima the department with the highest number (70 cases) [2]. To control the increase in the number of cases confirmed by coronavirus, Peru declared a national state of emergency for a period of 15 days, during which it was decided to establish mandatory social isolation (quarantine), a measure that came into effect March 16. Due to the increase in coronavirus cases, the quarantine was extended until June 30
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