How Technological, Organizational, and Environmental Factors Drive Enterprise Digital Innovation: Analysis Based on the Dynamic FsQCA Approach

Abstract

Improving the level of digital industry innovation is of great significance to enhance the competitiveness of China’s digital industry and improve the sustainable development advantages of the digital economy. Based on the technology–organization–environment framework (TOE framework), this paper establishes a multi-stage configuration analysis model of factors affecting enterprises’ digital innovation, selects six antecedent variables from technology, organization, and environment, including R&D investment, high-level talents, organizational size, top management team heterogeneity, industrial development speed, and regional digitalization level, and explores the driving path for improving enterprise digital innovation intention and digital innovation performance under the influence of multi-factor combinations. The results are presented that single factors or single dimensions struggle to stimulate high digital innovation, and the combination configuration of multiple factors has a significant impact. The configuration paths that drive high digital innovation intention include the technology–environment type (TE type) driven by technological and environmental factors, organization–environment type (OE type) driven by organizational and environmental factors and technology–organization–environment type (TOE type) driven by technological, organizational, and environmental factors; the configuration paths that drive high digital innovation performance include the technology–organization type (TO type) driven by technological and organizational factors, organization–environment type (OE type) driven by organizational and environmental factors. With the evolution of time, there are configuration solutions with relatively high stability, such as the TE type and OE type that drive high digital innovation intention, and the TO type that drives high digital innovation performance. The results provide a reference for revealing the key influencing factors and driving paths of enterprise digital innovation, and improving the vitality and output level of enterprise digital innovation.