Abstract
Aim: The following work studied how tribal affiliation, educational level and occupation of some women that had PPH in Maiduguri metropolis between September 2007 and March 2009 relate with PPH occurrence. The study was aimed at identifying possible risk factors and also to compare the relative prevention efficacies of oxytocin or misoprostol within the matrix of these factors. Method: A total of 1800 pregnant women who have received either oxytocin injection or oral misoprostol in third stage of labour as a prophylaxis of postpartum haemorrhage, were enrolled within three health care facilities in Maiduguri, Nigeria. Each patient was observed at parturition and for 24 h after, during which blood lost was estimated to the nearest millilitres. Demographic characteristics were recorded in a structured proforma. The relationship of the occurrence of PPH (occurrence of blood loss > 500 ml) and mean blood loss (MBL) was studied with respect to the prophylactic medication used and some demographic factors. Results: The incidence of PPH was higher in Igbo, and some “minority” tribes of Borno state (Babur, Bura, Mafa). The tribes that constituted the majority of the study population (Kanuri, and Hausa) exhibited low incidences of PPH. Significant relationships were demonstrated between PPH and educational levels and occupations of participants. Conclussions: It was concluded that PPH occurrence is related to tribal affiliation, educational level and occupation, and the relative efficacies of oxytocin and misoprostol varies between the tribal groups.
Highlights
Over half a million women die annually from causes related to pregnancy and childbirth [1]
Conclussions: It was concluded that Post Partum Haemorrhage (PPH) occurrence is related to tribal affiliation, educational level and occupation, and the relative efficacies of oxytocin and misoprostol varies between the tribal groups
A uniform trend both in occurrences of PPH and values of mean blood loss (MBL) within the tribes was observed as the lowest PPH prevalence (0.8%) happened to be in Fulani tribe which was the tribe with the lowest MBL (302.50 ml ± 2.202)
Summary
Over half a million women die annually from causes related to pregnancy and childbirth [1]. The single most common cause of maternal mortality is obstetric haemorrhage, generally occurring postpartum and accounting for 25% - 33% of all maternal deaths. The rate of death due to PPH varies widely in the world. The proportions range from less than 10% in developed countries to nearly 60% in some third world countries [2]. In Borno State, haemorrhage is the second most important cause of maternal death after hypertension [3]. PPH is seen as a major cause of maternal mortality, in the developing world, and of maternal morbidity in both the developed and the developing world [4]
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