Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer are the most frequent causes of mortality in Poland. To date, no study in Poland has attempted to analyze the impact of sociodemographic factors on the utilization of all recommended preventive services for these diseases. To address this challenge, a nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted. One thousand adults aged 18 years or older were interviewed using computer-assisted telephone surveys conducted via random selection. A representative population was obtained in accordance with existing demographics per voivodeship in Poland. We assessed whether factors such as age, gender, body mass index (BMI), net income, household size, place of residence, and education impacted the odds ratio of utilizing recommended preventive services for CVD and cancer. We determined that elderly patients receive influenza vaccination, measure blood pressure, PSA concentration, glucose and lipid profiles, and undergo colonoscopy and mammography more often than younger counterparts. Men were more often influenza vaccinated (OR = 1.56, 95% CI: 1.07–2.27) than women, while women measured blood glucose more often than men (OR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.42–0.93). Furthermore, net income < 2000 PLN, BMI < 24 kg/m2 and at least secondary education level were found to be crucial predictors of undergoing mammography (OR = 2.16; 95% CI: 1.26–3.72), cervical smear tests (OR = 1.99, 95% CI: 1.24–3.17), and lipid measurements (OR = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.07–2.91), respectively. Educating people and financial support seem to play a crucial role in implementing novel campaigns and preventive programs in Poland. Addressing each significant factor may be of paramount importance in improving the receipt of preventive services and warranting greater preventive care coverage in the Polish population.
Highlights
Our study revealed that women aged 50 to 69 were more likely to undergo mammography if their monthly net income was at least PLN 2000 (OR = 2.16; 95% confidence intervals (95% CI): 1.26–3.72—Table 7)
Our study revealed that women with a body mass index (BMI) < 24 kg/m2 underwent cervical smear testing more often (OR = 1.99, 95% CI: 1.24–3.17)
The receipt of preventive services in Poland is exceptionally low compared to the other European Union (EU) countries
Summary
In 2018, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer were the two most common causes of mortality in Poland, accounting for 40.5% and 24.5% of deaths, respectively [1]. Including CVD cases, this country continues to record a substantially higher mortality rate in comparison to other countries in the European Union (EU) [2]. This situation is unfavorable for Polish inhabitants when it comes to cancer, but to a lesser extent than CVD. In Poland, trachea, bronchus, and lung cancer are the greatest risks of death, representing
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