How should PCNA be assessed? Total of stained cells or only the most intensely stained ones?

Abstract

This study aimed to analyse whether a marker of proliferative activity (PCNA) could provide a prognosis of tumor evolution and to determine whether different interpretation criteria could alter the results. The presence of PCNA in 59 patients of state II (T2 N0.1 M0) mammary carcinoma was determined. Numerical proportions of total and intensely stained cells were established. These data were compared with anatomopathological parameters. A significant association between higher cyclin values and worse histological and nuclear grading was encountered, particularly in patients with a "negative axilla" using the PCNA index. Cyclin values were not significant in relation to any parameters when indices from the intensely stained cells were considered exclusively. Higher nuclear (NG3) and histological (HGIII) grading, associated with a high PCNA index (> 50), distinguish high-risk patients, and it is more appropriate considering all the stained cells as representative of PCNA indices, thus reflecting tumor aggressiveness.