Abstract
With aging society, one of the more challenging obstacles in percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI) are calcified coronary lesions (CAC). CAC may impede stent delivery; limit balloon and stent expansion, which result in lower minimal stent area (MSA), cause uneven drug distribution, and even hinder wire advancement [1-4]. Lower MSA and stent under-expansion are associated with adverse outcomes, including stent thrombosis, restenosis, and major adverse cardiac outcomes (MACE) [5,6].
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