How Quasars with Thick Accretion Disk Eject Relativistic Jets

Abstract

One of the unsolved problems in physics is how thick accretion disks produce and eject relativistic jets. “Jet-producing disks are thick” [1]. Another unsolved problem is how quasars and active galactic nuclei persist at least millions of years, while their masses are up to milliards of solar masses. Here we suggest that these problems are connected and solved simultaneously by a series of processes not recognized until now, some of them involving relativistic effects. The thick toroidal accretion disk around a massive central body is derived analytically by Newtonian conservation of angular momentum. Radiation emitted from the accretion disk enhances the particles of the jets to relativistic velocity. The particles are expelled as jets from the poles of the rotating central body, whose mass is millions to trillions of sun masses. The central body possesses radius, as predicted by exponential gravitation [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8] and [9] and proved by the discovery of gravitational waves from colliding massive bodies. The source of energy at the center of the massive central body is explained, as well as the formation of the inner jets and how they expel from the poles. Various implications are discussed.