Abstract
Abstract Objective Deltamethrin, synthetic pyrethroid, is a suspected endocrine disruptor contaminating ecosystems as toxic pollutant via agricultural activities and vector controls. The objective of the study is to determine the possible effects on human by evaluating antioxidant enzyme levels and total antioxidant status (TAS) of invertebrate model organism crayfish exposure to sublethal deltamethrin. Materials and methods Crayfish were exposed to 0.05 μg/L deltamethrin for 48 h and 7 days. Hemolymph samples were taken for TAS and total haemocyte counts (THCs). Gill, hepatopancreas and muscle tissues were examined for superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathion peroxidase (GPx) and catalase (CAT) enzyme activities. Results THCs were decreased (p < 0.05) and hemolymph TAS levels were increased according to control groups. Gill SOD, CAT and GPx enzyme activities were significantly rised. Hepatopancreas SOD activities unchanged. Hepatopancreas CAT activities were increased significantly after 48 h (p < 0.05), but returned back to controls after 7 days. Hepatopancreas GPx and muscle SOD activities were rised (p < 0.05), while muscle CAT and GPx values did not affect from deltametrin. Conclusion Deterioration of ecosystems are directly affect the humans. The toxic effects of deltamethrin for different stages of organisms on the food web will provide basic data to understand and estimate the effects on the human beings.
Highlights
The determination of enzyme activities in aquatic animals are extensively evaluated for monitoring the existence of the contaminants in aquatic ecosystems and sensitive biochemical bioindicators before hazardous effects occur on the food web through humans
The süperoksit dismutaz (SOD), Catalase Activity (CAT) and Glutathione Peroxidase Activity (GPx) activities provide a primary line of defence under stress [23,24]
Haemocyte numbers were evaluated as stress marker for crayfish and showed that the total number of haemocytes in crayfish, A. leptodactylus significantly decreased following the exposure to 0.05 μg/L of deltamethrin for 48 h and 7 days
Summary
Antioxidant enzyme levels (SOD, CAT and GPx) on different vital organs with TAS and total haemocyte counts (THCs) for the haemolymph of crayfish (A. leptodactylus Eschscholtz 1823) after exposure to deltamethrin, a synthetic pyrethroid pesticides, contaminating aquatic environments as toxic contaminant of agricultural activities. Means of gill tissue SOD enzyme activities for control and control (solvent), 48 h exposed group and 7 days exposed group were 4.33 ± 0.42, 4.54 ± 0.89, 5.26 ± 1.04 and 5.13 ± 0.45 U/mg protein, respectively.
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