Abstract
:Background:Stigma of suicide attempt (SA) results in not asking friends and relatives for help. Others’ awareness of an individual’s SA sometimes can solve his/her problems and reduce rates of SA. This study is intended to examine the degree of SA visibility through deliberate self-poisoning (DSP), which is the most common method of SA in Iran.Methods:In order to study visibility, all individuals who had attempted to suicide by DSP and had been referred to the western Iran poisoning center during April-June, 2016 were entered to the study. A female and a male interviewer experienced in role-playing were recruited to interview clients, each with clients of their own gender, in order to increase compliance and information accuracy. Multivariate Poisson Regression was used to identify visibility determinants.Results:Among 100 subjects interviewed, 10 denied SA. Regardless of those denying SA, self-poisoning visibility factor (SVF) was 26.6% (21.7-31.5) which decreased to 23.9% (19.7-28.1) after considering those individuals who denied SA. The highest values of SVF were observed in subjects poisoned by toxins, alcohol and illegal drugs, respectively. In the multivariate model, the value of SVF increased with an increase in age (IRR=1.03, 95% CI: 1.02-1.04), having history of SA (IRR=1.18, 95% CI: 1.07-1.30), and being married (IRR=1.70, 95% CI: 1.05-1.29).Conclusions:Lower values of SVF of DSP indicate that individuals committing suicide do not ask others for help and saying their SA intents. The higher the degree of visibility, the lower the rates of committing and repeating SAs. To increase the visibility of SA, therefore, the one way is to prevent and reduce SA repetition.
Highlights
Iran has seen a considerable increase in suicide attempt (SA) rates in recent decades; it is among issues of interest into the realm of mental health, especially in teenage and youth age groups.[3]
As a result, thinking of and committing suicide are mostly hidden from the sight of relatives and friends,[4, 5] who become aware of this fact too late when there is a bitter, unpleasant memory left
self-poisoning visibility factor (SVF) indicated that SVF values increased as age increased so that SVF values were higher for clients over 30 than those for clients under 20 (Crude Incidence Rate Ratio (IRR)=1.53, 95% Confidence interval (CI): 1.37-1.72; adjusted incidence rate ratio (IRR)= 1.87, 95% CI: 1.60-2.16)
Summary
W orrisome growth of SA rates in recent decades and its social, economic and psychological consequences have prompted World Health Organization (WHO) to introduce reduction of SA rates around the world as one of its objectives within a public health program.[1,2] Like other countries, Iran has seen a considerable increase in SA rates in recent decades; it is among issues of interest into the realm of mental health, especially in teenage and youth age groups.[3]. 98 Injury & Violence suicide, they can help with solving his or her problems and reduce SA rates.[6] In traditional societies like Iran, the social stigma of SA is probably higher in comparison with developed ones.[7] SA denouncement by society leads to not disclosing such an attempt. Methods: In order to study visibility, all individuals who had attempted to suicide by DSP and had been referred to the western Iran poisoning center during April-June, 2016 were entered to the study. Results: Among 100 subjects interviewed, 10 denied SA Regardless of those denying SA, self-poisoning visibility factor (SVF) was 26.6% (21.7-31.5) which decreased to 23.9% (19.728.1) after considering those individuals who denied SA. Conclusions: Lower values of SVF of DSP indicate that individuals committing suicide do not ask others for help and saying their SA intents. To increase the visibility of SA, the one way is to prevent and reduce SA repetition
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