Abstract
Background Hypertension is considered to be the most common condition in the general population. It is the most important risk factor for premature deaths in the world. Treatment compliance at every stage is a condition for successful antihypertensive therapy, and improving the effectiveness of treatment is a major goal in preventing cardiovascular incidents. Treatment noncompliance and lack of cooperation stem from numerous problems of older age, including frailty syndrome. Objective To evaluate the effect of frailty syndrome on treatment compliance in older patients with hypertension. Methods The study sample consisted of 160 patients (91 women, 69 men) with hypertension aged 65 to 78 (mean = 72.09, SD = 7.98 years), hospitalized at the University Clinical Hospital due to exacerbation of disease symptoms. Standardised research tools were used: the Tilburg Frailty Indicator questionnaire and the questionnaire for the assessment of treatment compliance in patients with hypertension, the Hill-Bone Compliance to High Blood Pressure Therapy Scale. Results Frailty syndrome was diagnosed in 65.62% of patients: 35.62% with mild, 29.38% with moderate, and 0.62% with severe frailty. The treatment compliance was 36.14%. The prevalence of the FS and its three components (physical, psychological, social) significantly affected (p <0.05) the global score of the Hill-Bone Compliance to High Blood Pressure Therapy Scale and all subscales: “reduced sodium intake”, “appointment keeping”, and “antihypertensive medication taking”. Conclusions The coexistence of frailty syndrome has a negative impact on the compliance of older patients with hypertension. Diagnosis of frailty and of the associated difficulties in adhering to treatment may allow for targeting the older patients with a poorer prognosis and at risk of complications from untreated or undertreated hypertension and for planning interventions to improve hypertension control.
Highlights
Hypertension (HT) is the most important risk factor for premature deaths worldwide, and blood pressure levels (BP) indicate a linear correlation between mortality and morbidity in cardiovascular diseases and renal failure [1]
Hypertension diagnosis was performed according to the Seventh Joint National Committee (JNC-7) classification of blood pressure for adults, as follows: normal for
We proved that a treatment compliance is negatively affected in male patients, in those with lower education, as well as patients with lower Tilburg Frailty Indicator (TFI) scores [36]
Summary
Hypertension (HT) is the most important risk factor for premature deaths worldwide, and blood pressure levels (BP) indicate a linear correlation between mortality and morbidity in cardiovascular diseases (heart attack, stroke, heart failure, and peripheral artery disease) and renal failure [1]. Hypertension is considered to be the most common condition in the general population. It is the most important risk factor for premature deaths in the world. To evaluate the effect of frailty syndrome on treatment compliance in older patients with hypertension. Standardised research tools were used: the Tilburg Frailty Indicator questionnaire and the questionnaire for the assessment of treatment compliance in patients with hypertension, the Hill-Bone Compliance to High Blood Pressure Therapy Scale. The coexistence of frailty syndrome has a negative impact on the compliance of older patients with hypertension. Diagnosis of frailty and of the associated difficulties in adhering to treatment may allow for targeting the older patients with a poorer prognosis and at risk of complications from untreated or undertreated hypertension and for planning interventions to improve hypertension control
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