Abstract
A pinch of arsenic, a dash of krypton, a soupçon of tantalum, and a whole load of copper—these are some of the 76 chemical elements that go into making modern automobiles, according to an exhaustive analysis of the materials in a range of cars ( Environ. Sci. Technol. 2021, DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c00970 ). The study shows how the trend toward electric vehicles is changing the recipe for automobiles and exposing automakers to potential vulnerabilities in the supply chains of these ingredients. To estimate that exposure, Randolph E. Kirchain, a materials systems scientist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and colleagues gathered data on seven sedans and sport utility vehicles, including internal combustion engine vehicles and plug-in hybrids, produced in 2019–20 by Ford Motor. Using databases such as the International Material Data System and the CAS Registry , the team identified the elements that made up about 84% of the mass of
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