Abstract
We propose a low-scale renormalizable trinification theory that successfully explains the flavor hierarchies and neutrino puzzle in the Standard Model (SM), as well as provides a dark matter candidate and also contains the necessary means for efficient leptogenesis. The proposed theory is based on the trinification $\SU{3}{C}\times \SU{3}{L}\times \SU{3}{R}$ gauge symmetry, which is supplemented with an additional flavor symmetry $\U{X}\times Z_{2}^{(1)} \times Z_{2}^{(2)}$. In the proposed model the top quark and the exotic fermions acquire tree-level masses, whereas the lighter SM charged fermions gain masses radiatively at one-loop level. In addition, the light active neutrino masses arise from a combination of radiative and type-I seesaw mechanisms, with the Dirac neutrino mass matrix generated at one-loop level.
Highlights
Despite the huge success of Standard Model (SM) as a theory of fundamental interactions, it has several open issues, which include the lack of explanation of the SM flavor structure, in particular, the fermion masses and mixing, the origin of Dark Matter (DM), as well as the source of parity violation in electroweak (EW) interactions
The light active neutrino masses arise from a combination of radiative and type-I seesaw mechanisms, with the Dirac neutrino mass matrix generated at one-loop level
Our model is based on the SUð3ÞC × SUð3ÞL × SUð3ÞR× Uð1ÞX gauge symmetry which can be motivated by a highscale ultraviolet (UV) completion based on the embedding of trinification as a subgroup of E6 [18,19,20], whereas an additional flavor symmetry can be inspired by the coset of the E8 → 1⁄2SUð3Þ3 reduction [21,22,23,24,25]
Summary
Despite the huge success of Standard Model (SM) as a theory of fundamental interactions, it has several open issues, which include the lack of explanation of the SM flavor structure, in particular, the fermion masses and mixing, the origin of Dark Matter (DM), as well as the source of parity violation in electroweak (EW) interactions. We have included a preserved Zð22Þ symmetry to implement the one-loop level radiative seesaw mechanisms that generate the light active neutrino masses as well as the masses for the SM charged fermions below the top quark mass. Our 3331 model is the most economical theory of trinification that can naturally explain the masses and hierarchies for the SM fermions, since unlike the other existing trinification-based models such as the one presented in Ref. [15], it does not rely on the inclusion of a large variety of additional representations such as scalar antisextets in order to generate the light active neutrino masses in the SM. The actual mechanism for the light neutrino mass generation is provided by a one-loop level radiative seesaw. We investigate the potential implications of this scenario for DM and leptogenesis
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