Abstract
This study was conducted to examine the effect of participation in physical activity on physical fitness parameters in children aged 5-9 years. A total of 83 children, 44 girls, and 39 boys, studying in a private primary school participated in the study voluntarily. The Eurofit Test Battery was used to evaluate the physical fitness levels of children. Within the scope of the Eurofit test battery; the body weight and height values of the children were measured. In the determination of motoric performances, flamingo balance, disc touch, sit-reach, standing long jump, sit-up, bent-arm hanging, and 5x10 meter sit-up tests were used. A personal information form prepared by the researchers was used to determine demographic characteristics. Whether the data is normally distributed or not was checked with kurtosis and skewness values. In the statistical analysis dimension; descriptive analysis (mean, standard deviation, median, min-max value, ratio, frequency), independent samples t test (Independent Samples t test) were used. In terms of children having an athlete license, a significant difference was found in their height, standing long jump test, sit-up test, bent-arm hanging test, 5x10 meter sit-up run test scores (p>0.05). A significant difference was found in the findings of height, body weight, standing long jump test, sit-up test, bent arm hanging test, 5x10 meter sit-up run test in terms of children's participation in traditional children's games (p>0.05). As a result, it has been determined that children's having an athlete's license increases their height, explosive strength, core strength endurance, upper extremity strength endurance, agility, and again, the students' participation in traditional children's games has positive effect on height, body weight, explosive strength, core strength endurance, upper extremity strength endurance and agility.
 
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Highlights
While physical activity is accepted as one of the main determinants of physical fitness, physical fitness is considered as one of the most important indicators of health (Ortega, Ruiz, Castillo and Sjostrom, 2008)
It was aimed to determine the extent to which physical activity characteristics such as 5-9-year-old children doing sports licensed in any sports branch and participating in traditional children's games affect physical fitness factors
In the comparison of children's physical fitness elements in terms of having or not having an athlete license; a significant difference was found in favour of students who have an athlete license in the values of height, standing long jump test, situp test, bent-arm hanging test, 5x10 meters sit-up run test
Summary
While physical activity is accepted as one of the main determinants of physical fitness, physical fitness is considered as one of the most important indicators of health (Ortega, Ruiz, Castillo and Sjostrom, 2008). Physical activity level is a determinant of cardiovascular risks in children, it has been reported that it is positively associated with the development of aerobic capacity (Lopes, Rodrigues, Maia and Malina, 2011) and low muscle strength and low cardiopulmonary fitness are associated with low bone density, metabolic risk factors, and cardiovascular diseases (Smith et al, 2014). It is reported that regular physical activity in children increases cardiovascular system endurance and muscular fitness, improves bone health, cardiovascular fitness, and body composition. As a result of the research; it has been determined that the physical activity levels of school-age children have decreased significantly in the last twenty years (Janssen, Katzmarzyk, Boyce, King and Pickett, 2004). It has been observed that the physical fitness levels of children have deteriorated in recent years (Aydemir and Bayansalduz, 2019)
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