Abstract
Farmland land consolidation can effectively improve the quality of farmland soil and the agricultural production level, and can effectively guarantee farmland ecology and food security, which has been widely used in the world. A large number of studies have shown that farmland consolidation has certain adjustments to the basic physical and chemical properties of soil and the content of heavy metals. As a key indicator of soil quality and ecological conditions, soil microorganisms play an important role in soil pollution restoration and the promotion of crop growth. However, there are few domestic and foreign studies on how farmland consolidation affects soil microbial properties, and there are no related reports on the mechanism of action between them, which is a blank in the field of agricultural land consolidation and soil microecology, especially in heavy metal contaminated areas. Therefore, we used the DNA sequence technology to compare fungal community structure in farmlands with and without consolidation in heavy metal contaminated areas. Our results showed that (1) farmland consolidation had a significant impact on soil microbial characteristics, which were mainly manifested as changes in microbial biomass, microbial diversity and community structure. (2) Farmland consolidation had an indirect impact on soil fungal community structure by adjusting the soil physical and chemical properties. (3) The impact of heavy metals on the fungal community structure varied significantly under different levels of heavy metal pollution in farmland consolidation areas. When the pollution was at the highest level, there existed 7 fungus genera showing a strong tolerance to heavy metals and consuming a lot of soil nutrients, of which were Melanospora, Pseudeurotium, Guehomyces, Schizothecium, Gibberella, Myrothecium, and Neurospora. In this study, an analytical method was proposed to analyze the effects of farmland consolidation on soil fungi, and the mechanism was discussed from two aspects—soil physical and chemical properties, and heavy metal content. The results shed some light on farmland consolidation, cultivated land quality evaluation and territorial space ecological restoration.
Highlights
As one of the most effective land management measures to improve agricultural production and the ecological environment, farmland consolidation is widely used in most countries in the world to consolidate scattered land and improve agricultural facilities and soil quality [1,2,3]
The dominant genera, with a relative abundance greater than 1%, include Gibberella, Zopfiella, Schizothecium, Pseudeurotium, Fusarium, Guehomyces, Bolbitius, Acremonium, Mortierella, Curvularia, Talaromyces, Myrothecium, Pyrenochaetopsis, Melanospora, etc
The basic physical and chemical properties of soil and heavy metal content were used as an intermediary to study the impact mechanism of farmland consolidation on microorganisms
Summary
As one of the most effective land management measures to improve agricultural production and the ecological environment, farmland consolidation is widely used in most countries in the world to consolidate scattered land and improve agricultural facilities and soil quality [1,2,3]. The soil fungus community, which is profoundly affected by farmland consolidation, has not received sufficient attention and needs to be paid attention to in future research and practice. Researchers need to explore how to improve soil quality and increase farmland productivity by adopting appropriate farmland consolidation methods, scientifically evaluate the impact of farmland consolidation on soil fungal community structures, and extract microbial indicators that have the significance of indicating the farmland quality indicators. This will be an important issue in the field of global farmland improvement and farmland ecological environmental protection
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