Abstract
When studying liquids and disordered materials, the only structural information available from diffraction experiments is the probability of finding atoms at a given distance from a central reference atom. For monatomic systems this “correlation function” relates to the interatomic potential. For polyatomic systems, data interpretation is much more difficult because, in general, diffraction makes no distinction between different kinds of atoms. But in neutron diffraction the scattering length varies with isotopic composition, and this can be exploited to select the central reference atom for the probability function. The light elements have significant neutron scattering lengths, and so this technique has become a powerful tool for the structural investigation of molecular liquids and mixtures.
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