How do people tweet about gay and bisexual people surrounding the 2022 monkeypox outbreak? An NLP-based text analysis of tweets in the U.S.

Abstract

ABSTRACT Despite the United States government agencies’ efforts, inconsistent messaging about the causes of the 2022 monkeypox outbreak in the U.S. facilitates the potential stigmatization of gay and bisexual communities. Grounded in the model of stigma communication, this research describes how Twitter users communicate about the monkeypox outbreak and sexual minorities by analyzing US-based tweets containing the following search strings: “gay,” “bisexual,” or “monkeypox.” Using natural language processing (i.e. n-gram and sentiment analyses), this study uncovered that among tweets mentioning “gay” or “bisexual” with “monkeypox” together, stigmatizing phrases such as “gay disease” and negatively valenced words were common. Results were discussed in terms of the model of stigma communication and the potential influences of such communication on Twitter to a broader society.