Abstract
ObjectiveThis study aimed to examine same-day associations of pain, fatigue, depressed mood, anxiety, and perceived cognitive function with social participation in the daily lives of adults with spinal cord injury (SCI). DesignObservational study used a combination of baseline surveys and 7 end-of-day (EOD) diaries. SettingGeneral community. ParticipantsIndividuals with SCI (N=168; mean age, 49.8y; 63% male, 37% female). Main Outcome MeasuresPatient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System short form measures (Ability to Participate in Social Roles and Activities, Pain Intensity, Depression, Anxiety, Cognitive Function Abilities) were adapted for daily administrations as EOD diaries. ResultResults of multivariable model showed that daily increases in fatigue (B=−0.10; P=.004) and depressive symptoms (B=−0.25; P=<.001) and decreases in perceived cognitive function (B=0.11; P=<.001) were significantly related to worse same-day social participation. Daily fluctuations in anxiety and pain were unrelated to same-day social participation. ConclusionsThis is the first study that shows within-person associations of common SCI symptoms with social participation in the daily lives of adults with SCI. Results from the current study may help to develop more effective individualized treatments of symptoms and symptom effect aimed at improving social participation.
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