Abstract
Biogas technology to support rural livelihoods and low-carbon development has been developed in different projects and programs in the Global South over the last few decades. However, the existence of multiple projects, actors and designs involved may lead to so-called fragmentation in governance. This research addresses the fragmented governance amongst the biogas programmes in Indonesia to study their impact on the implementation; the numbers of biodigesters disseminated and knowledge transferred. Drawing on concepts of fragmentation, regime effectiveness, and policy output, the research uses data from interviews with relevant actors, supplemented with documents review. Findings show that the governance architecture of biogas regime in Indonesia consists of different types of biogas programmes championed by different types of actors pursuing different objectives. There had been patterns and periodical shifts of configuration within the Indonesian biogas regime, i.e., from administrative fragmentation (2007–2009), to conflictive fragmentation (2010–2012), to cooperative fragmentation (2013–2016), and reduced fragmentation (2017). Shifting from administrative to cooperative fragmentation resonates with the increase of the number of biodigesters dissemination more than fourfold in ten years, from 800 in 2007, to 37,999 in 2016. The distribution of power within the governance architecture among government bodies, NGOs, and the private sector influenced the speed of implementation and innovation of the biogas programs. This suggests that a higher degree of distribution of power and cooperation within a governance architecture contribute to increasing policy output of the regime complex of renewable energy.
Highlights
Rapid economic growth in middle-income countries in the Global South has led to heavy dependence on fossil fuel for energy generation and rapidly rising carbon emissions [1,2]
We mainly focus on conflictive and cooperative fragmentation as they are most relevant to the case of Indonesian biogas governance [14]
This study looks at historical shifts of configuration in biogas regime to identify forms of conflictive or cooperative fragmentation and how it affects the policy output of biogas programmes
Summary
Rapid economic growth in middle-income countries in the Global South has led to heavy dependence on fossil fuel for energy generation and rapidly rising carbon emissions [1,2]. These trends go against global climate agreements and national policies and programmes pushing for energy transitions towards more sustainable energy production and consumption. In Indonesia, for example, about 40 percent of households still use firewood for cooking [3]. This practice contributes to forest degradation, climate change, and health issues [4]. There is often a lack of collaboration between research institutions, governmental departments, and biogas users, to improve the technology’s dissemination and appropriate, long-term use [10]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
