Abstract
Vehicles’ braking is a key factor towards safer driving. In particular, tyre–pavement friction is connected with both industry and infrastructure requirements in terms of tyre characteristics and frictional properties of pavement surfaces respectively that both contribute to safe braking. For this reason, tyre–pavement friction is considered as one of the most pressing emergencies in roadway assets in order to reduce skidding related accidents. At the same time, sustainability aspects have been raised in modern infrastructure engineering. Hence, an issue is introduced on how sustainable materials used for pavement construction may contribute to tyre–pavement and consequently vehicles’ braking. For this reason, a laboratory process is developed to investigate the frictional properties of several utilized in pavement wearing courses including both traditional and sustainable materials (reacted activated rubber—RAR and reclaimed asphalt pavement—RAP). Environmental conditions (seasonal temperature changes, rainfall effect and contamination caused by dust formation) are simulated in the laboratory and vehicles’ braking is investigated using the British Pendulum Tester (BPT). Results provide a good explanation for the vehicles’ braking ability under the investigated conditions for both traditional and sustainable materials. Ultimately, it is proved that asphalt mixture types with RAR modifier or RAP material exhibit a satisfactory performance towards providing a safe road surface for the moving vehicles.
Highlights
During vehicles movement and braking, resistance forces generate between tyres and road surface, which are considered as a key factor regarding safe driving [1]
The frictional performance of asphalt pavement surfaces constructed of traditional and sustainable materials was investigated in relevance to a series of seasonal related factors on a laboratory basis
The study dealt with a laboratory investigation of five asphalt mixtures types that were considered including traditional hot-mix asphalt concrete (HMA) mixtures as well sustainable reacted activated rubber (RAR)-modified mixtures and mixtures with different reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) content
Summary
During vehicles movement and braking, resistance forces generate between tyres and road surface, which are considered as a key factor regarding safe driving [1] This happens mainly due to the existence of tyre–pavement friction, which is one of the most determinant resistant forces for vehicles’. In the United States fatal road incidents are one of the leading causes of death, as over a million people dye and around fifty million are injured because of road skidding crashes, making this issue one of the most pressing emergencies nowadays [2,3] For this reason, in many nations road friction is interrelated to road safety and considered as a priority for transportation infrastructure policies [2]. Vehicles’ braking performance though, is a bridged result of both industry and infrastructure requirements in terms of tyre characteristics and frictional properties of pavement materials respectively
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