Abstract
In France, for decades, a part of the education of children and teenagers living with a disability was entrusted to the professionals of the private sphere. With the aim of reducing the disparities of access to compulsory education, the French law passed on February 11, 2005, recommends that children living with a disability are schooled in the mainstream State educational system. The number of children with a handicap schooled in ordinary sector amounts to 279,000 in 2016 – against 155,000 at the end of 2006. Is this important increase correlated to a transformation of the private educational sphere? Was there, during the last decade, an increase of the role of the private sector in the increase of the number of children schooled in mainstream school? We shall analyze the evolution of the private sector input in public education regarding inclusive education at a macro level.
Highlights
In France, for decades, a part of the education of children and teenagers living with a disability was entrusted to the professionals of the private sphere
We will examine a new structure of education embedded into the mainstream pre-schooling system, which contains private elements
To understand how the education sector is funded in France, we shall rely on the following definition of the Educational Internal Expenses (E.I.E): “E.I.E. collects all the expenses made by all the economic agents for educational activities: school and extraschool education of all the levels, the organization of the education system (general administration, orientation, pedagogical documentation, education research, activities intended to favor the school attendance and expenses asked by institutions (INSEE, 2016)
Summary
In France, for decades, a part of the education of children and teenagers living with a disability was entrusted to the professionals of the private sphere. The technical and medical resources available in the university hospitals in France allow for the survival of highly premature babies who require a very high level of medical investment – many children who would not have survived fifteen years ago live today with, for a big part of this population, specific needs in Education.
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