Housing as a Social Integration Factor for People Classified as Mentally Ill

Abstract

There are four housing models designed for de-institutionalized patients: custodial housing, supportive housing, supported housing and autonomous housing. The first two models can be considered as forms of residential accommodations (forms that provide security yet de-emphasize the importance of individuals' autonomy) because of the familiarity they maintain with hospital-type care. The other two housing models bear a greater resemblance to apartment-type resources (which further individuals' autonomy, but pose a risk of isolation). This study sheds light on the perception of people using mental health services regarding their quality of life and degree of empowerment in relation to these various types of housing. Twenty-one Montrealers were interviewed who were grappling with mental illness and are living in the four types of housing resources. One of the findings of this study is that access to suitable housing is a primary source of social integration. However, new housing models with social support must be developed that further each person's autonomy as well as security.