Abstract
BackgroundSustainability of energy is key for quality life; thus, the use of clean energy at the household level warrants moving from fossil-based energy to modern forms like biogas. However, the joint interactive effect of household income, biogas usage and willingness to adopt a single-stage solar-supported hyper-thermophilic anaerobic biogas digester (SSHTABD) is not known.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was carried out to assess the willingness of residents of Elmina to adopt the SSHTABD. Stratified and simple random sampling techniques were used to select 219 respondents fitted into a complementary log–log regression model.ResultsHousehold willingness to adopt the SSHTABD was 86%. Among them are households not willing to use biogas but have high income and households willing to use biogas but have either low or high income are more likely to adopt the technology compared to households not willing to use biogas and have low income. Households not willing to use biogas, but have high income (OR = 1.725, confidence interval [CI] 0.803–3.706) and households willing to use biogas, but have low income (OR = 1.877, CI 1.103–3.188) compared to households willing to use biogas and have high income (OR = 1.725, CI 1.080–3.451) are more likely to adopt the technology as households not willing to use biogas and have low income. Additionally, households employed under the formal government sector, formal and informal private sectors are 40%, 136% and 103%, respectively, more likely to adopt the technology than those unemployed.ConclusionThe high willingness of households to adopt the technology calls for government to support households to own biogas digesters thus requires policy interventions and interdisciplinary research.
Highlights
Over the years, the development and harnessing of clean energy have been termed “the golden thread” by the International Energy Agency and World Bank, linkingGhana and many sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries still depend extensively on traditional cooking fuels at the Bryant and Afitiri Energ Sustain Soc (2021) 11:16 household level
In this study, the willingness to adopt the solar-supported hyper-thermophilic anaerobic biogas digester (SSHTABD) if they were constructed for every household in Elmina was assessed
The study indicated that the joint effects of biogas use and income level have significant influence on the willingness to adopt the SSHTABD proposed in this study
Summary
The development and harnessing of clean energy have been termed “the golden thread” by the International Energy Agency and World Bank, linkingGhana and many sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries still depend extensively on traditional cooking fuels at the Bryant and Afitiri Energ Sustain Soc (2021) 11:16 household level. Indoor air pollution stands as a leading cause of premature deaths that occur annually worldwide [3] and about 85% of premature deaths that occur annually worldwide are accounted for biomass combustion [4] This figure represents approximately 18,000 daily deaths, a mortality rate that exceeds deaths from HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis and road injuries combined [4]. The proportions of households that use firewood and charcoal are 56% and 36%, respectively, which produce a combined prevalence of biomass usage of 92% [5]. 84% and 13% of Ghanaian households are reported to use firewood and charcoal, respectively, as cooking fuels [5, 6]. The joint interactive effect of household income, biogas usage and willingness to adopt a single-stage solar-supported hyper-thermophilic anaerobic biogas digester (SSHTABD) is not known
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