HOUSEHOLD HAZARDOUS WASTE: GAUGING KNOWLEDGE LEVEL AND ITS IMPLICATION FOR DOMESTIC WASTE HANDLING AND DISPOSAL PRACTICES

Abstract

Household hazardous waste (HHW) refers to waste generated at the household level that can pose a danger to public and environmental health if not managed properly. The amount of waste, including HHW, has been increasing due to urbanisation, rising income levels, and changes in lifestyles. Unfortunately, most households are not aware of the potential risks associated with this waste, despite the serious health and environmental hazards it can pose. This creates a conundrum which this study seeks to unpack. A mixed-method approach addressed this gap, including a policy dialogue and a survey of 1,245 Greater Accra Metropolitan Area respondents. From the findings, most respondents disposed of aerosol cans, disposable sharps, unused or expired medication/drugs, fluorescent tubes and LED bulbs, and electronic waste as part of their household waste. Significantly, it was concerning that 68% of participants were unaware of the potential health hazards associated with improper disposal of HHW. Based on empirical evidence, the awareness levels were affected by gender, education level, and occupation. To address the issue of HHW and reduce its harmful impact on the environment and public health, it is essential to implement policies that encourage waste segregation, establish product stewardship programs, and conduct targeted education campaigns. These actions will help raise awareness about the significance of proper HHW disposal. Additionally, it is vital to have a strong political will to effectively enforce legislation that supports the shift towards more sustainable waste management practices, thus promoting sustainable development.