Abstract

Abstract Nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus) can be removed or recovered from wastewater at different points in the collection and treatment process, for example, from individual buildings or households, from the conveyance (sewer) system, or at the centralized treatment plant. Multiple technologies are available for nutrient removal and recovery at any of these points of application, but the appropriateness of a candidate technology depends on the scale of application; a technology that is appropriate for nutrient removal/recovery at a large centralized treatment plant may not be appropriate at an individual household. Hence, a need exists for a tool that enables municipalities to select scale- and context-specific technologies for nutrient management. Accordingly, the objectives of this article are (1) to review nutrient management technologies that are available at the building, community, and city scales and (2) to develop a planning matrix that evaluates the appropriateness of nutrient management tec...

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