Abstract
German-Israeli intelligence cooperation began shortly after the establishment of the State of Israel. Although the two states collaborated and supported each other for years, few took notice of this intelligence alliance until Israel asked for Germany's assistance in negotiating hostage deals with terror organizations from the late 1980s. This article analyzes the reasons why Israel and other Middle Eastern players turned to Germany and its intelligence services to act as negotiators in hostage exchange deals; the evolution of their perceptions of the German record; the relationships between German negotiators, their parent agencies, the German government, and the Middle Eastern sides in the negotiations; and the implications of this involvement for Germany's position and status in the Middle East.
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