Abstract
Several studies have done more on weed and nematode hosts. It is important to know a host of weeds and P. brachyurus in areas cultivated with soy. This nematode can stay in weed roots even in the absence of plants grown in the off-season, making it difficult to control them. The objective was to evaluate the host suitability of emerged weed species in cultivated areas with a soybean crop to the P. brachyurus nematode under natural infestation conditions. The surveys were conducted in commercial properties located in the municipalities of Campinorte and Rialma, both in the northern region of the state of Goias, Brazil under the no-tillage and conventional system, respectively, with a history of high nematode population densities. We evaluated 19 weed species with the highest expressivity in the properties. The population densities of the nematode ranged RFom 23 to 17,113 and 55 to 4,221 specimens per 10 grams of roots respectively. All as weed species evaluated as hosts of P. brachyurus. As species, Hyptis suaveolens, Sida cardifolia, Senna occidentalis, Coneyza canadensis and Commelina benghalensis had low population densities.
Highlights
The genus Pratylenchus is the second most important group of phytonematoids in the world, being surpassed only by the genus Meloidogyne (Tihohod, 1993)
The population density was high, with about 8083 individuals, acting as a good host for the P. brachyurus. In light of this information, we aimed to evaluate the host suitability of weed species to the nematode P. brachyurus under field condition
The study area consisted of 2700 m2 and was delimited according to the history of reforestation in the previous crop of the soybean crop
Summary
The genus Pratylenchus is the second most important group of phytonematoids in the world, being surpassed only by the genus Meloidogyne (Tihohod, 1993). In Brazil, the species Pratylenchus brachyurus and Pratylenchus zeae have increased their importance due to reports of their occurrence in important crops such as soybeans and corn mainly in the center-west of Brazil (Dias et al, 2010). Sharma (1996) reported the high occurrence of P. brachyurus (31,970 specimens per 10 grams of roots) in soybean in the late 1980s (1988/1989 harvest), in Ipameri, Goiás. The greater occurrence of this nematode was favored, mainly, by changes in the production system, such as intensification of no-tillage, irrigation use and succession use with host crops. In this way, the area remains with plants or roots allowing nematode survival throughout the year (Goulart, 2008)
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