Abstract
The order Meliolales comprises two families, namely, Armatellaceae and Meliolaceae. Except the genera Endomeliola and Pauhia, India represents rest of the nine genera of this group. The family Armatellaceae includes two genera, namely, Armatella and Basavamyces. The family Meliolaceae includes seven genera: Amazonia, Appendiculella, Asteridiella, Ectendomeliola, Irenopsis, Meliola and Prataprajella. All these nine genera represent 613 species and infra-specific taxa known till the year 2006, infected 766 host plants belonging to 349 host genera distributed among 104 families. All the host families and the fungal genera are arranged alphabetically with their corresponding parasite and the host plant. The corresponding number after the host family represents the number of meliolaceous taxa known on the members of that family.
Highlights
Black colony forming parasitic fungi are known as “Black or dark mildews”
The fungi belonging to Meliolales can be distinguished by their two celled appressoriate mycelium, setae, presence of globose perithecia with setae, appendages, etc
The monotypic genera, Pauhia and Endomeliola are not represented in India
Summary
The order Meliolales represents two families to include eleven genera and 2300 species and infra specific taxa. In India, the genus Meliola scores highest number of species and infra specific taxa (453), followed by the genus Asteridiella (73), Irenopsis (31), Amazonia (28), Armatella (13), Appendiculella (10), the genera Basavamyces and Prataprajella (2) and the genus Ectendomeliola is a monotypic genus. The reported number of flowering plants in India is ca.18000 species (the number varies from 16,500 to 19,395) distributed among ca. Of the total numbers of flowering plant families in India, 104 are infected with meliolaceous fungi, Lauraceae represents highest number (49 taxa), Rubiaceae (40 taxa) followed by Fabaceae (39 taxa), Euphorbiaceae (32 taxa), Rutaceae (26 taxa), Apocynaceae (24 taxa), Myrtaceae and Sapindaceae (18 taxa each), Anacardiaceae and Oleaceae (17 taxa each), Meliaceae (16 taxa), Poaceae and Caesalpinaceae (12 taxa each), Host range of meliolaceous fungi
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