Abstract
The malformation disease of mango by Fusarium moniliforme var. subglutinan is one of the major causes of huge economical loss every year. Early diagnosis of the pathogens can help cultivators to protect the mango orchid and fruits from successive and secondary inf ection. The molecular detection is one of the bette r choices among available techniques for diagnosis. B ut the farmers or individual cultivars from tropica l and subtropical countries like India, Pakistan, Malaysi a, Vietnam, Philippines, have lots of limitation to use molecular method. Another problem with this pathogen is lack of specific biomarker. Thus the present s tudy was designed to develop a morphological and histopa thological methodology to detect Fusarium moniliforme var. subglutinans and its host-pathogen interaction between fungus a nd hot tissues. Fresh and preserved (Formaldehyde: Acetic Acid: Alcohol (FAA) solution) tissues were used to check the efficacy of the method. The inter and intracellular distributio n of fungal hyphae, in various tissue like cortex, phloem and parenchymatous pith cell, was clearly revealed by this method. The characteristics which were obse rved like detection of the mycelium threads at the junct ure of the shoot tip, axillary buds, petels and sep als axis of the malformed or infected tissues. The Resin acc umulation in the parenchymatous and other cells of vegetative tissue was also found as characteristics of this pathogen infection. This study is being al so important in terms of identification and growth beh avior of the pathogen.
Highlights
Mango is the most popular fruit among millions of people in India and abroad and its known as ‘King of Fruits’
Fresh and preserved (Formaldehyde: Acetic Acid: Alcohol (FAA) solution) tissues were used to check the efficacy of the method
Samples were dipped in Formaldehyde: Acetic Acid: Absolute Alcohol (FAA) (5:5:90 mL) for the storage and further use (Gupta and Pandey, 2012; Gupta et al, 2012; Haggag et al, 2011)
Summary
Mango is the most popular fruit among millions of people in India and abroad and its known as ‘King of Fruits’. The productivity (6.3 mt ha−1) of mango is low in spite of highest area coverage and production (Kumar et al, 2011a). This is because of the several abiotic and biotic factors affected the mango production out of these malformation is one of the most important problems and main reason lower the production in India at primary level of mango formation and growth The characteristic symptoms in seedlings are loss of apical dominance and swelling of vegetative buds. Subglutinans colonies from the malformed affected tissue These pathogen leads to the malformed, shortening and bunchy top appearance of the vegetative tissues and compactness of the floral parts of the mango. The objective of the present study to revealed the host-pathogen interaction in vegetative and floral malformed tissue by the uses of conventional histopathological techniques
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