Abstract
Scabies is a parasitic disease due to infestation of skin by the burrowing mite Sarcoptes scabiei. Scabies is a major public health problem and endemic in resource poor communities worldwide affecting over 100 million people. Associated bacterial infections cause substantial morbidity, and in severe cases can lead to renal and cardiac diseases. Mite infestation of the skin causes localised cutaneous inflammation, pruritus, skin lesions, and allergic and inflammatory responses are mounted by the host against the mite and its products. Our current understanding of the immune and inflammatory responses associated with the clinical manifestations in scabies is far outweighed by the significant global impact of the disease. This review aims to provide a better understanding of human immune responses to S. scabiei in ordinary and crusted scabies phenotypes.
Highlights
Scabies is an infestation of the skin caused by the burrowing ectoparasitic mite called Sarcoptes scabiei variety hominis (Greek word ‘sarx’ means flesh; ‘koptein’ means to smite or to cut and the Latin word ‘scabere’ means to scratch) [1]
The global burden of scabies is reflected by the disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), a measure of health loss due to a disease or injury
This review focuses on the recent data which expands our knowledge of cellular and molecular mechanisms in immune responses to S. scabiei in Ordinary scabies (OS) and Crusted scabies (CS) in humans
Summary
Scabies is an infestation of the skin caused by the burrowing ectoparasitic mite called Sarcoptes scabiei variety hominis (Greek word ‘sarx’ means flesh; ‘koptein’ means to smite or to cut and the Latin word ‘scabere’ means to scratch) [1]. It was reported in 2010 that about 100 million of the global population is infected with scabies [2] and prevalence in different regions ranged from 0.2 to 71.4% [3].
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