Abstract
Host-Fungal Interactions: Pathogenicity versus Immunity
Highlights
Moran and colleagues explains why Candida albicans has evolved to become such a successful opportunistic pathogen, by comparative global gene expression analysis performed on C. albicans and its most closely related species C. dubliniensis
Yeasts other than C. albicans and moulds other than Aspergillus fumigatus have emerged as significant causes of invasive mycoses in severely immunocompromised patients
Tools allowing a prompt diagnosis for these emerging pathogenic fungi are lacking, often leading to a delay in effective treatment and high mortality rates. This is the case for invasive mucormycosis, a rapidly progressing infection often refractory to antifungal therapy, with a negative prognosis in individuals with impaired immune defence
Summary
A major development in the past few years, resulting from extremely rapid technological advances, has been the elucidation of the genome sequences of all of the major human fungal pathogens. Together with the development of transcriptomics and proteomics, fungal pathogen research has entered the so-called “omics” era. Despite the remarkable acceleration in the understanding of many molecular mechanisms underlying phenomena such as drug resistance, fungal virulence, and pathogenesis, many key aspects of the host-fungal interactions are still not fully understood.
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