Hospitalizations for Anaphylaxis in Florida: Epidemiologic Analysis of a Population-Based Dataset

Abstract

Background: Previous epidemiologic studies of anaphylaxis have been single-institution investigations. The objective of this study was to determine the annual hospital discharge rate and risk factors for anaphylaxis outcomes throughout Florida. Methods: 464 patients who were hospitalized in Florida for anaphylaxis and discharged in 2001 were identified using a statewide database and ICD-9-CM (International Classification of Diseases, 9th revision, Clinical Modification) codes. Linear regression was used to determine the predictors of length of stay (LOS) and total charges. Relative risks (RR) for ventilator-assisted respiration and anaphylaxis due to food were calculated using binomial regression. Results: Annual hospital discharge rate for anaphylaxis was 2.8/100,000 population. Hospital mortality rate was 0.86%. Median LOS was 1 day. Median total charges was USD 4,982. Asthmatics had increased risk of receiving ventilator-assisted respiration (adjusted RR = 2.72, p = 0.04). Likelihood of hospitalization for anaphylaxis increased with age for both sexes (p < 0.0001). Patients who were <18 years old were three times as likely to be hospitalized for food anaphylaxis (versus other causes) compared to patients who were 71+ years old (adjusted RR = 3.25, p = 0.004). Conclusion: Young age was associated with increased risk of hospitalization for anaphylaxis to foods. Asthmatics had increased risk of receiving ventilator-assisted respiration. Likelihood of hospitalization increased with age.