Abstract
Healthcare-associated infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms are associated with prolonged medical care, worse outcome and costly therapies. In Hungary, hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) due to epidemiologically important multidrug-resistant organisms are notifiable by law since 2004. Overall, 6,845 case-patients (59.8% men; median age: 65 years) were notified in Hungary from 2005 to 2010. One third of case-patients died in hospital. The overall incidence of infections increased from 5.4 in 2005 to 14.7 per 100,000 patient-days in 2010. Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was the most frequently reported pathogen (52.2%), but while its incidence seemed to stabilise after 2007, notifications of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative organisms have significantly increased from 2005 to 2010. Surgical wound and bloodstream were the most frequently reported sites of infection. Although MRSA incidence has seemingly reached a plateau in recent years, actions aiming at reducing the burden of HAIs with special focus on Gram-negative multidrug-resistant organisms are needed in Hungary. Continuing promotion of antimicrobial stewardship, infection control methodologies, reinforced HAI surveillance among healthcare and infection control practitioners, and engagement of stakeholders, hospital managers and public health authorities to facilitate the implementation of existing guidelines and protocols are essential.
Highlights
Healthcare-associated infections are infections arising from any aspect of healthcare management, most commonly during hospitalisation in acute care facilities where the patient receives treatment for another medical or surgical condition
National efforts in infection control in the European Union (EU) have led in some countries to a plateau or even a reversal of the trend of increasing resistance to antimicrobial agents, for example for meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), penicillin- and/or macrolide-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae and aminoglycoside-resistant Enterococci; increasing trends are still being observed for multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae [9]
We aimed at describing the patient population and infections due to multidrug-resistant organisms reported to the relevant surveillance module of the NNSR, and assessing the epidemiological trends during the period from 2005 to 2010 and the recent situation of reported hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) caused by multidrugresistant organisms in Hungary
Summary
Healthcare-associated infections are infections arising from any aspect of healthcare management, most commonly during hospitalisation in acute care facilities (hospital-acquired infections, HAI) where the patient receives treatment for another medical or surgical condition. These infections are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, primarily among immunocompromised and elderly people, especially if the causative organism has developed resistance to a number of antimicrobial agents. We aimed at describing the patient population and infections due to multidrug-resistant organisms reported to the relevant surveillance module of the NNSR, and assessing the epidemiological trends during the period from 2005 to 2010 and the recent situation of reported HAIs caused by multidrugresistant organisms in Hungary
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