Hospital management, supervisor support and nurse speaking-up behaviours: The mediating role of safety culture perception.

Abstract

This study aimed to (a) elucidate the effects of hospital management and unit supervisor support for patient safety on nurse speaking-up behaviours and (b) identify potential mediators of this relationship. Speaking-up behaviour among nurses has emerged as a critical source of patient safety. Fuller understanding of the developmental mechanisms contributing to nurses' speaking-up behaviours could help to enhance patient safety in health care organisations. A correlational approach was used to conduct a secondary analysis of cross-sectional survey data collected from 450 staff nurses in Korea. Path analysis was performed to test potential mediation effects. After controlling for nurses' hospital and unit tenure, hospital management and supervisor support for patient safety had significant direct and indirect effects on nurses' speaking-up (promotive and prohibitive voice) behaviours through their perceptions of response to error and communication openness. Study findings indicate that when hospital management and supervisors emphasize patient safety and provide necessary resources, nurses are likely to perceive the hospital's safety culture more positively, in turn enhancing their speaking-up behaviours. Hospital administrators and nurse managers should clearly display hospital management and supervisory support for patient safety through implementation of related policies, resources, and communication standards.