Hospital Base Of The North Caucasus During Great Patriotic War (1941-1945)

Abstract

The Great Patriotic War, which began on June 22, 1941, required the government to organize a system for the treatment of sick and wounded soldiers. The beginning of the war made special demands to medical facilities and medical workers. This was reasoned by two critical circumstances. First of all, the fact that wars are accompanied by epidemics, and in order to prevent them, extensive preventive sanitary and anti-epidemiological work is required, which is complicated by the lack of medical personnel and medicines. During the war, there are a lot of wounded who need to be treated, and for this it is necessary to deploy a large number of hospitals not only in the army, but also in the rear area, where they are transported with the most serious injuries that require hospital treatment. The Council of People's Commissars of the USSR already at the end of June 1941 adopted the resolution on the deployment of hospitals in the country on the basis of health centers, hospitals, educational institutions and other premises. A significant role was given to the North Caucasus, where there was a good resort base, trained medical workers and equipment. Here, there were all the opportunities to deploy quickly a wide network of hospitals and provide qualified help to the wounded and ill. During the four years of the war, more than 6,000 hospital facilities were formed, including 2.990 evacuation hospitals with 1 million 340 thousand beds in the rear areas of the country.