Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale Score Is an Independent Factor Associated With the EuroQoL 5-Dimensional Descriptive System in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Abstract

This study aimed to examine anxiety and depression experienced by patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using EuroQoL 5-Dimensional Descriptive System (EQ-5D) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) scores. We analyzed 1005 Japanese patients with RA. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate the independent influence of variables on EQ-5D and HADS scores. Pearson correlation coefficients were also calculated to explore relationships between variables. The mean EQ-5D score was 0.74 for all patients (mean age, 63.2 years; mean disease duration, 13.6 years; mean Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index [HAQ-DI], 0.78; mean HADS total [HADS-T] score, 10.3; mean disease activity score assessed by 28 joints based on CRP [DAS28-CRP], 2.8). The EQ-5D score was strongly correlated with HAQ-DI and was moderately correlated with age, Steinbrocker functional class, HADS-T score, tender joint count assessed by 28 joints, pain on a visual analog scale (pain-VAS), patient's global assessment of disease activity (general-VAS), and DAS28-CRP. The HADS-T score was moderately correlated with HAQ-DI, pain-VAS, general-VAS, and DAS28-CRP. Factors that influenced the EQ-5D score included HAQ-DI (β = -0.533), pain-VAS (β = -0.128), HADS-T score (β = -0.142), DAS28-CRP (β = -0.187), and prednisolone use (β = -0.056). Factors that influenced the HADS score included HAQ-DI (β = 0.348), general-VAS (β = 0.145), disease duration (β = 0.094), and worklessness (β = 0.083). The HADS score is an independent factor associated with EQ-5D in patients with RA. Our findings suggest that the assessment of anxiety and depression is essential in achieving better quality of life for patients with RA.