Abstract
Despite its strategic location, the area known as the Horn of Africa has become one of the most badly impacted areas of the African continent through its political and economic crises and humanitarian disasters. Since Siad Barre’s fall, Somalia is an area of continuous civil war. The neighbouring countries – led by their own interests – directly and indirectly interfere in the internal affairs of Somalia. As part of this intervention, they have repeatedly attacked the terrorist organization called Al-Shabab. Because of pressure and support from the international community, the transitional government initiated numerous reforms, and by 2012 at the end of the transitional period a new Federal Constitution was adopted, the new Parliament was established with the election of the country’s new President. However the new government still has to face tribal rivalry, extreme Islamist movements to stabilize its power.
Highlights
Despite its strategic location, the area known as the Horn of Africa has become one of the most badly impacted areas of the African continent through its political and economic crises and humanitarian disasters
In 2002, the Somali factions – except for Somaliland – signed a ceasefire agreement in eldoret, Kenya, which served as a basis for the Federal Constitution and for forming a Transitional Federal Government (TFG) and a Transitional Federal Assembly (TFA), in 2004
The TFG asked for Ethiopian military assistance and together they managed to wear down the Supreme Council of Islamic Courts (SCIC) military force by the end of 2006, causing the organisation to dissolve3
Summary
In 2008, the uSA and uN sponsored Food Security Analysis Group stated that the number of refugees and displaced persons depending on humanitarian aid was radically increasing. The opposition forces including the Al-Shabab terrorist organisation, the JIS, the Anole opposition group and the ArS-A decided to form the Islamic Party (Hisbi Islam/HI), which is still unwilling to reconcile with the government, its armed groups still attack the TFG forces and their supporters. The major factors in regional (in)security nancial assistance of the Somali Diaspora significantly contributes to the country’s economic output, performance and standard of living. The HI and its members are committed to their fight against the government and the international forces, and are not willing to reconcile with the government For this reason, the HI permanently attacks the armed forces and civilian officials of the government. The financial assistance of the Diaspora is a key factor of the financial resources of the government forces.
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