Horn Antenna Analysis and Simulation for the 18-40 GHz Frequency Band

Abstract

An antenna is a type of transducer that converts radio signals into alternating electromagnetic waves before transmitting them into space. Polarization is a phase in the selection and installation of an antenna. It can send and receive signals. An antenna is a metal structure that transmits or receives electromagnetic radiation. The antenna, on the other hand, connects the directing device to free space. It sends a signal from the generator into space through transmission cables. High-frequency double-ridged horn (DRH) antennas for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) are built using a special technique. When using this technique, at the beginning, consider a standard DRH antenna that operates between 1 and 18 GHz. A detailed sensitivity analysis of the 1-18 GHz DRH antenna's structural characteristics addresses some of the DRH antenna's weaknesses, notably in terms of its radiation pattern at higher frequencies. After that, the design is frequency scaled up to support a greater frequency range. This technology might be used to build a wideband DRH antenna that can operate between 18 and 40 GHz. Because the new antenna has a lower frequency ratio of 1:12.2 compared to the normal antenna's 1:18 ratio, we may choose the appropriate frequency window for scaling up. A voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of less than a single main lobe that is uninterruptedly oriented along the horn axis and a minimum of 10 dB of acceptable broadband gain are all necessary. The resulting design was used to produce a prototype antenna that was smaller than previous commercial antennas. The dimensions and design objectives were used to develop the prototype.