Abstract
Steroid hormones regulate the synthesis of specific proteins in target tissue by controlling the synthesis of the corresponding messenger RNA's. In the chick oviduct, estrogen and progesterone induce the synthesis and accumulation of the specific messenger RNA's for the hormone-induced egg-white proteins, ovalbumin and avidin, respectively. The messenger RNA coding for ovalbumin has been purified in milligram quantities to apparent homogeneity with respect to various physical, chemical and biological criteria. It was used to generate a radioactive complementary DNA probe using the enzyme reverse transcriptase isolated from RNA viruses. This radioactive probe was utilized to quantitate the levels of ovalbumin messenger RNA in the chick oviduct during estrogen-mediated tissue differentiation. It was also used to measure the number of ovalbumin messenger RNA sequences per cell during acute estrogen stimulation of animals withdrawn from hormone. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that steroid hormones regulate specific gene expression in target cells by a pure transcriptional control mechanism.
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