Abstract
MASCULINE behavior in the normal female rat has always been considered extremely rare, according to reports of Moore (1919), Hemmingsen (1933), Long and Evans (1922) and Beach (1938), but Beach and Rasquin (1942) have suggested that previous observations were not properly controlled, and they offer substantial evidence that normal female rats frequently show distinct masculine reactions. Ball (1939) castrated a number of 21-day old male and female rats and implanted pellets of crystalline estrone. Three male rats and one female, aged 47 to 100 days, each received a total of 8600 K.TJ. of estrogen by daily injection in 2 weeks. Three male and two female animals received both estrogen and progesterone. All of these animals exhibited lordosis, but the females had a very low feminine response, rating only 1 to 3 on Ball's 12-point scale, in which 7 to 8 indicates an average state of receptivity No female showed any male behavior.
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