Abstract
Various plant species can form tubers which serve as storage organs for reserve food. Tubers are formed to survive the bad season, and the formation of tubers is often controlled by environmental conditions: day length and temperature. The first known explanation for tuber formation is mentioned by Bernard (1902), who suggested that symbiosis between the potato plant and a fungus is responsible for tuber formation. At present, it is hard to reconcile this idea with the well-described tuber formation in sterile cultures. Wellensiek (1929) concluded that tuber formation occurs when the level of ‘food-substances’ increased. This increase could either be due to photosynthesis, or be caused by water loss, e.g. occurring during storage of seed tubers, resulting in the formation of small tubers directly on the mother tuber.
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