Hormonal Alteration in Obese Adolescents with Eating Disorder: Effects of Multidisciplinary Therapy

Abstract

Background/Aims: Ghrelin and leptin play important roles in the physiopathology of eating disorders, starting generally in infancy and adolescence. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of multidisciplinary short-term therapy on ghrelin and leptin concentrations, bulimia nervosa symptoms, binge eating disorder symptoms, body composition, and visceral and subcutaneous fat in obese adolescents. Methods: Twenty obese adolescents with simple obesity (BMI >95th percentile, 36.93 ± 4.14, CDC) were submitted to multidisciplinary (nutrition, psychology, exercise and clinical) therapy. Plasma ghrelin and leptin concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay. Bulimic and binge eating behaviors were measured by the Bulimic Investigation Test Edinburgh and the Binge Eating Scale, respectively. Visceral and subcutaneous fat were measured by ultrasonography and body composition by plethysmography. Results: Significant reductions were observed in body weight (101.04 ± 11.18 to 94.79 ± 10.94 kg), BMI (36.93 ± 4.14 to 34.27 ± 4.78), fat% (41.96 ± 6.28 to 39.14 ± 7.62%), visceral fat (4.34 ± 1.53 to 3.41 ± 1.12 cm), leptin concentration (20.12 ± 6.47 to 16.68 ± 8.08 ng/ml), prevalence of bulimia nervosa (100 to 67%) and binge eating disorder symptoms (40 to 17%). Conclusion: Short-term multidisciplinary therapy was effective in improving body composition, visceral fat, leptinemia and eating disorders in obese adolescents.