Abstract
Horizontal convection development in liquids with free surface nonuniformly heated by infrared radiation is investigated. Experimental measurements of velocity and temperature fields are performed by Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) and Background Oriented Schlieren (BOS). Absence of Marangoni convection in distilled water due to presence of surface film leads to significant difference between the results obtained in distilled water and in ethanol. Strong Marangoni flow in ethanol results in quick dispersion of heat over the surface layer and acceleration of convective flow. In distilled water heat propagation along the surface is inhibited, because only weak secondary flow associated with 3D effects is observed at the surface. Experimental results are compared to numerical simulations with different boundary conditions for horizontal velocity at the free surface: no-slip condition for distilled water, representing stagnant surface film, and tangential-stress condition, taking into account Marangoni effect, for ethanol. Good agreement is obtained, demonstrating the importance of prescribing appropriate boundary condition, which corresponds to surface behavior of the considered liquid.
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