Abstract
It is of interest to know the relative importance of horizontal and vertical correlation in pi-electron systems. A method has been developed for including both kinds of correlation simultaneously. Vertically correlated atomic orbitals are formed by combining 2pπ and 3dσ orbitals. These are then used as a basis for alternant molecular orbitals. Calculations to minimize the ground-state energy of ethylene indicate that horizontal correlation accounts for almost all of the energy improvement. This is due to the fact that the increase in kinetic energy associated with vertical correlation is greater than that for horizontal correlation.
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