Hookworm Infection in Latin America and the Caribbean Region

Abstract

AbstractHookworm infection, caused by the soil-transmitted helminths Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus, is a highly prevalent helminthic infection in the Latin America and the Caribbean region. The relevant disease burden, mainly in children and during pregnancy, is often associated with poor conditions of living and social inequities. For this review, all publications related to hookworm infection in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region were surveyed using PubMed, Google Scholar, Global Atlas of Helminth Infections (GAHI) and local sources. The broad area, latitude and altitude differences in the LAC territory cause major difficulties in the accessibility of hookworm disease burden and true prevalence. However, hookworm infection has been described in several countries from the Central through South America. Historically, hookworm surveys and treatment have been performed in the LAC region. Here, we describe the history and origin of hookworm infection, different aspects of clinical manifestations, distribution and disease burden of infection. Moreover, approaches for control and elimination of hookworm infection are discussed.KeywordsHookworm infection Necator americanus Ancylostoma duodenale Latin AmericaCaribbean