Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have potential antimicrobial activity against bacteria and fungi. The synthesis of AgNPs have been reported using several chemical and physical methods which are not friendly environment. Therefore, our technique has focused on the synthesis of AgNPs by natural compounds. The aim of this study has been to synthesis AgNPs by safe nontoxic method using Egyptian honey (EH) as reducing and capping agents and to investigate its ability to reduce the mycelial growth and the production of aflatoxins (AFs) and ochratoxin A (OTA) by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus ochraceus, respectively. AgNPs have been characterized by UV-Visible Spectrophotometer, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). The obtained results indicated that the synthesis of honey AgNPs depends on the concentration of bulk metal (AgNO3) used in the synthesis process. The TEM image has revealed the formation of spherical well dispersed AgNPs, while the main size of AgNPs detected by DSL is 9.9 nm. Our results have indicated that 3 mg -100 ml media of honey derived AgNPs have reduced the aflatoxin (AF) G1, G2, B1 and B2 production by A. parasiticus to 77.55, , 62.91, 58.76 and 66.56%, respectively and ochratoxin A (OTA) by A. ochraceus to 79.85 % with significantly inhibitory effect on mycelial growth. The percentage of reduction depends on the AgNPs concentration.
Highlights
In the recent years, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attracted much attention due to their widely applications in different field such as, medicine, biotechnology, optics, microelectronics, catalysis, information storage and energy conversion (Ghaseminezhada et al, 2012)
AgNPs have been characterized by UV-Visible Spectrophotometer, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM).The obtained results indicated that the synthesis of honey AgNPs depends on the concentration of bulk metal (AgNO3) used in the synthesis process
Our results have indicated that 3 mg -100 ml media of honey derived AgNPs have reduced the aflatoxin (AF) G1, G2, B1 andB2 production by A. parasiticus to 77.55, 62.91, 58.76 and 66.56%, respectively and ochratoxin A (OTA) by A. ochraceus to 79.85 % with significantly inhibitory effect on mycelial growth
Summary
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attracted much attention due to their widely applications in different field such as, medicine, biotechnology, optics, microelectronics, catalysis, information storage and energy conversion (Ghaseminezhada et al, 2012). The synthesis of AgNPs has been reported using various methods including physical and chemical methods, electrochemical reduction and photochemical reduction. These methods focused on the use of a large amount of toxic materials with high temperature conditions. The recent researches have been directed to us the green chemistry, as a simple, clean, environmental-friendly, cheapest and safe methods, for biosynthesis of nanoparticles (Narayanan and Sakthivel, 2010). Green synthesis of AgNPs. In addition the use of honey in the synthesis of AgNPs has been reported recently (Philip, 2010; Sreelakshmi et al, 2011; Obota et al, 2013). Many mycotoxigenic fungi can contaminate food and feed stuff and produce their secondary toxic metabolites
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