Abstract
Simple SummaryThe purpose of this study was to develop a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system for automatic classification of histopathological images of lung tissues. Homology-based image processing (HI) was proposed for CAD. For developing and validating CAD with HI, two datasets of histopathological images of lung tissues were used. The private dataset consists of 94 histopathological images that were obtained for the following five categories: normal, emphysema, atypical adenomatous hyperplasia, lepidic pattern of adenocarcinoma, and invasive adenocarcinoma. The public dataset consists of 15,000 histopathological images that were obtained for the following three categories: lung adenocarcinoma, lung squamous cell carcinoma, and benign lung tissue. For the two datasets, our results show that HI was more useful than conventional texture analysis for the CAD system.The purpose of this study was to develop a computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system for automatic classification of histopathological images of lung tissues. Two datasets (private and public datasets) were obtained and used for developing and validating CAD. The private dataset consists of 94 histopathological images that were obtained for the following five categories: normal, emphysema, atypical adenomatous hyperplasia, lepidic pattern of adenocarcinoma, and invasive adenocarcinoma. The public dataset consists of 15,000 histopathological images that were obtained for the following three categories: lung adenocarcinoma, lung squamous cell carcinoma, and benign lung tissue. These images were automatically classified using machine learning and two types of image feature extraction: conventional texture analysis (TA) and homology-based image processing (HI). Multiscale analysis was used in the image feature extraction, after which automatic classification was performed using the image features and eight machine learning algorithms. The multicategory accuracy of our CAD system was evaluated in the two datasets. In both the public and private datasets, the CAD system with HI was better than that with TA. It was possible to build an accurate CAD system for lung tissues. HI was more useful for the CAD systems than TA.
Highlights
In 2020, 228,820 new lung cancer cases are projected to occur in the United States [1]; lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States, with almost one-quarter of all cancer deaths being caused by lung cancer
Histopathological and molecular subtypes are important in lung cancer diagnoses to determine a treatment strategy, and accurate histopathological diagnoses allow clinicians to select targeted treatment options that are specific to each patient
Ninety-four histopathological images of lung tissue were obtained from lung surgery specimens
Summary
In 2020, 228,820 new lung cancer cases are projected to occur in the United States [1]; lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States, with almost one-quarter of all cancer deaths being caused by lung cancer. Histopathological and molecular subtypes are important in lung cancer diagnoses to determine a treatment strategy, and accurate histopathological diagnoses allow clinicians to select targeted treatment options that are specific to each patient. Erlotinib (Tarceva; Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA) is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor effective in lung cancer patients with mutated epidermal growth factor receptor [2]. Clinicians determine the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitor based on histopathological diagnoses of the mutated epidermal growth factor receptor. Immunohistochemistry is used for the diagnosis of the mutated epidermal growth factor receptor
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