Abstract
1. 1. The 4K-prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH) or bombyxin and the melanization-reddish coloration hormone of the silkworm Bombyx mori resemble insulin and insulin-like growth factors. 2. 2. The family of adipokinetic/red pigment concentrating hormones has some similarity with glucagon. 3. 3. Members of the FMRFamide family are found in vertebrates as well as an invertebrates. 4. 4. In Locusta, a molecule immunologically and biologically related to amphibian melanophore stimulating hormone has been partially characterized. 5. 5. Enkephalins and enkephalin-related peptides occur in insects and other invertebrates. 6. 6. Peptides belonging to the tachykinin family have been isolated from molluscan ( Octopus) salivary glands and from insect nervous tissue ( Locusta migratoria). 7. 7. Invertebrate arginine-vasotocin homologs have been isolated from an insect ( Locusta migratoria) and from a mollusc ( Conus). 8. 8. In Leucophaea, Locusta and Drosophila, peptides resembling those of the vertebrate gastrin/cholecystokinin family have been identified. 9. 9. As the number of different neuro-/gut peptides with possible function(s) as hormone, neurotransmitter or neuromodulator is now estimated to be of the order of a few hundred, more similarities will probably show up in the near future.
Published Version
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