Abstract
A modelling framework that incorporates the peculiarities of microstructuralfeatures, such as the spatial correlation of crystallographic orientations andmorphological texture in piezoelectrics, is established. The mathematicalhomogenization theory of a piezoelectric medium is implemented using the finiteelement method by solving the coupled equilibrium electrical and mechanical fields.The dependence of the domain orientation on the macroscopic electromechanicalproperties of crystalline as well as polycrystalline ceramic relaxor ferroelectric0.58Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3–0.42PbTiO3 (PMN–42% PT) is studied based on this model. The material shows large anisotropy in the piezoelectriccoefficient ejK in its crystalline form. The homogenized electromechanical moduli of polycrystallineceramic also exhibit significantly anisotropic behaviours. An optimum texture at which thepiezoceramic exhibits its maximum longitudinal piezoelectric response is identified.
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